Protecting Your Skin from the Texas Sun

Texas summers are renowned for their scorching heat, and the last 2 weeks are no exception. As temperatures soar and humidity levels rise, the forecast suggests near-record-setting heat for the region. Stepping outside our air-conditioned havens, we immediately feel the intensity of the heat, prompting many in our community to seek refuge in shaded areas, enjoy refreshing snow cones or take a dip in the water. While these are great ways to cool off, it is crucial to remember that the sun's relentless rays continue to shine, posing a risk of sunburn for everyone. Sunburns not only cause immediate discomfort but can also lead to long-term consequences. So, before you head outside, here are some key points to help you safeguard yourself from the unforgiving Texas sun.

Identifying the Signs and Risks:

Sunburns manifest as redness, pain, hot skin when touched, blisters, swelling, and sometimes fevers. It is crucial to avoid sunburns due to the serious risks they pose. Prolonged and repeated exposure to UV radiation can lead to the development of skin cancer, accelerate the formation of wrinkles, and cause premature aging of the skin. Furthermore, unprotected exposure can harm the eyes and potentially contribute to the development of cataracts.

Preventing Sunburns:

Prevention is key when it comes to protecting your skin. Even on cloudy days, UV radiation can penetrate through the atmosphere; so it is important to take precautions. Wearing protective clothing, such as long sleeves, pants, and wide-brimmed hats, along with sunglasses, can significantly reduce the amount of UV radiation reaching your skin and eyes.

Additionally, seek shade whenever possible, whether it be under trees or using umbrellas. Monitoring the UV index is crucial as it indicates the level of risk. The higher the number, the greater the risk of sunburn. When spending time outdoors, it is essential to apply sunscreen. Select a broad-spectrum sunscreen that offers protection against both UVA and UVB rays.

Understanding Sunscreen:

Sunscreen acts as a barrier between your skin and the harmful UV rays. There are two main types of sunscreens: mineral-based and organic chemical-based. Mineral-based sunscreens work by blocking UV rays, while organic chemical-based sunscreens absorb UV radiation.

When choosing a sunscreen, SPF 50 is recommended for prolonged sun exposure. Remember that applying enough sunscreen is crucial for proper protection. Experts advise applying sunscreen at least 20 minutes before going outside and reapplying it every two hours, even if it claims to be water-resistant. It is also important to apply the right amount of sunscreen. This can be achieved by applying two layers of sunscreen before heading into the sun.

Special Considerations for Children:

Children, especially infants and young children, are at a higher risk of sunburn due to their more sensitive skin. Babies under six months old should be kept out of direct sunlight as much as possible. Utilize shade, sunglasses, lightweight clothes that cover the skin, and wide-brimmed hats to shield them from the sun's harmful rays.

Treating Sunburns:

Despite our best efforts, sunburns can sometimes occur. Most sunburns will resolve on their own within approximately three days. To alleviate discomfort, over-the-counter pain medications like ibuprofen or Aleve can be taken. Applying cool compresses to the affected areas can provide relief. Many lotions containing aloe or calamine are also available to soothe sunburned skin. Additionally, sprays and lotions with numbing medications can help alleviate pain. It is important to avoid further sun exposure until the sunburn has healed.

When to Consult a Doctor:

While most sunburns can be treated at home, certain circumstances warrant medical attention. If you experience an extensive severe burn, blistering, severe pain, fever, vomiting, or signs of dehydration, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional.

Dr. Torres is a resident physician who sees patients of all ages and provides obstetrical services at Lone Star Family Health Center, a non-profit 501©3 Federally Qualified Health Center operating facilities in Conroe, Spring, Willis, Grangerland, and Huntsville, and serving as home to a fully integrated Family Medicine Residency Program to increase the number of Family Medicine physicians for Texas and our community.