Every year on June 19, people around the world recognize Sickle Cell Awareness Day! This special day helps raise awareness about sickle cell disease, a genetic blood disorder that affects millions of people and their families.
In the United States, sickle cell disease affects about 100,000 people. It is most common among individuals whose families come from Africa, the Caribbean, Central and South America, the Middle East, India, and parts of the Mediterranean region.
Sickle cell disease is a condition that people are born with as it is inherited from parents through their genes. Normally, red blood cells are round and flexible, allowing them to move easily through blood vessels and carry oxygen throughout the body. In people with sickle cell disease, some red blood cells become hard, sticky, and shaped like a crescent moon or a farming tool called a sickle. These sickle-shaped cells can block blood flow, causing pain and damage to organs and tissues.
Signs of sickle cell disease often begin during infancy, usually around 5 to 6 months of age. Babies may develop swelling of the hands and feet, frequent infections, anemia, and episodes of pain. As children grow, they may experience fatigue, delayed growth, jaundice, and painful crises that can occur when blood flow becomes blocked.
Today, all newborn babies in the United States are screened for sickle cell disease shortly after birth. Early diagnosis is important because it allows children to receive medical care that can help prevent serious complications. Additional blood tests can confirm the diagnosis and identify the specific type of sickle cell disease.
Although there is currently no cure for most people with sickle cell disease, treatments have greatly improved over the years. Treatment may include medications to reduce pain and complications, vaccinations and antibiotics to help prevent infections, blood transfusions, and regular medical checkups. In certain cases, a bone marrow or stem cell transplant may offer a cure.
Sickle Cell Awareness Day is a time to learn more about this condition, support those affected, and encourage research for better treatments and cures. By sharing accurate information and showing compassion, we can help improve the lives of people living with sickle cell disease. This June 19, take a moment to recognize the courage and resilience of individuals and families affected by sickle cell disease and help spread awareness in your community!
Dr. Kaitlin Tabula is a resident physician who sees patients of all ages and provides obstetrical services at Lone Star Family Health Center, a non-profit 501(c)(3) Federally Qualified Health Center operating facilities in Conroe, Spring, Willis, Grangerland, and Huntsville, and serving as home to a fully integrated Family Medicine Residency Program to increase the number of Family Medicine physicians for Texas and our community.
